T1-1
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Table of Contents
1.0 FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK
1.1
What Is Vibration? ...................................................................................................................................... T1-2
1.1.1
Damping ........................................................................................................................................ T1-2
1.2
What is Shock? ........................................................................................................................................... T1-3
1.3
What is Noise? ........................................................................................................................................... T1-3
1.4
Principles of Vibration Isolation................................................................................................................... T1-4
1.5
Principles of Noise Reduction ..................................................................................................................... T1-5
2.0 BASIC DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS IN VIBRATION AND SHOCK ANALYSIS
2.1
Kinematic Characteristics ........................................................................................................................... T1-5
2.2
Rigid-Body Characteristics ......................................................................................................................... T1-6
2.3
Spring and Compliance Characteristics ..................................................................................................... T1-6
2.4
Damping, Friction and Energy-Dissipation Characteristics ........................................................................ T1-7
2.5
Vibration Characteristics of Mechanical Systems ....................................................................................... T1-7
2.5.1
Amplitude-Frequency Characteristics of Forced Vibrations ........................................................... T1-8
3.0 VIBRATION ISOLATION ...................................................................................................................................... T1-9
3.1
Vibration Isolation of Vibration-Producing Products ................................................................................... T1-10
3.2
Vibration Isolation of Vibration-Sensitive Objects ....................................................................................... T1-12
3.3
Shock Isolation ........................................................................................................................................... T1-14
3.3.1 Shock Motion of Base (Base Suddenly Stops or Accelerates) ......................................................... T1-16
3.3.2 Sudden Impact on Equipment ........................................................................................................... T1-17
4.0 NONLINEARITIES ................................................................................................................................................ T1-17
5.0 MULTIDEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEMS, COUPLED MODES ....................................................................... T1-19
6.0 STATIC LOAD DISTRIBUTION CALCULATION ................................................................................................. T1-20
6.1
Advantages of CNF Vibration Isolators....................................................................................................... T1-21
7.0 CONNECTIONS OF SPRING ELEMENTS .......................................................................................................... T1-22
7.1
Springs in Parallel ....................................................................................................................................... T1-22
7.2
Springs in Series ........................................................................................................................................ T1-22
7.3
Spring Connected Partly in Parallel and Partly in Series ............................................................................ T1-22
8.0 3-D OBJECT DRIVEN BY VIBRATORY FORCE AND TORQUES...................................................................... T1-23
8.1
Displacement of the Object ........................................................................................................................ T1-23
8.2
Undamped Natural Frequencies ................................................................................................................. T1-24
8.3
Mount Deflections ....................................................................................................................................... T1-24
9.0 COMPLEX DRIVING FORCES ............................................................................................................................ T1-25
10.0 DESIGN PROBLEM EXAMPLES......................................................................................................................... T1-26
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................... T1-34
APPENDIX
1
Useful Formulas in Vibration Analysis ........................................................................................................ T1-35
2
Properties of Rubber and Plastic Materials ................................................................................................ T1-37
3
Hardness Conversion Charts ..................................................................................................................... T1-38
Technical Section: Vibration and Shock Isolation
