BUMPER TECHNICAL INFORMATION
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V100 page 6-2, 3, 4  
ENERGY ABSORBING PRODUCTS
   Within the family of antivibration products, we are introducing a line of ENERGY-ABSORBING PRODUCTS.
GENERAL
   In order to lend full understanding of the importance and capabilities of this product line, we will deal with the concept of ENERGY as well as present some practical examples of several applications. The examples will also include calculations of the forces involved.    Energy-absorbing components are often used as parts of a system or a device itself or, alternatively, they might be used as a safety measure to absorb runaway energy in case of failure of a component or a system. Some numerical examples are addressing both types of these applications.
ENERGY
   A body is said to possess energy if it has the ability to perform work. This ability can be the result of its position or its condition.
The position of the body produces POTENTIAL ENERGY, whereas if the body is moving with some velocity it possesses energy
of motion or KINETIC ENERGY.
The formulas governing energy are as follows:


The total energy is considered the sum total of all energies involved, and this is the amount which is available to perform work.
   In the examples which follow, simplified formulas have been developed and used to provide a very close approximation. This enables the application of units which are most commonly used. The nomenclature used in these examples are as follows:
   The actual nature of the application and the availability of space will determine which type of Bumper will be used. In order to facilitate the choice, the following graph is given which compares the Force vs. Travel characteristics of the different types.

This drawing shows size comparison of identical capacity
bumpers from each product group. The graph at the right
shows comparable performance characteristics.